Industrial furnaces that generate arc heating through metal electrodes or non-metal electrodes are called electric arc furnaces. Electric arc furnaces can be divided into three-phase electric arc furnaces, consumable electric arc furnaces, single-phase electric arc furnaces and resistance electric arc furnaces according to the arc form. The furnace body of the electric arc steelmaking furnace is composed of furnace cover, furnace door, tapping groove and furnace body, and the furnace bottom and furnace wall are built with basic refractory materials or acid refractory materials. Electric arc steelmaking furnaces are divided into ordinary power electric arc furnaces, high power electric arc furnaces and ultra-high power electric arc furnaces according to the capacity of transformers per ton of furnace capacity. Electric arc furnace steelmaking is to input electrical energy into the electric arc steelmaking furnace through graphite electrodes, and use the arc between the electrode end and the charge as a heat source to make steel. The electric arc furnace uses electric energy as the heat source, and the atmosphere in the furnace can be adjusted, which is extremely beneficial to the smelting of steel grades containing more easily oxidizable elements. Shortly after the invention of electric arc furnace steelmaking, it was used to smelt alloy steel and has been greatly developed.
With the improvement of electric arc furnace equipment and the improvement of smelting technology, the development of the electric power industry, the cost of electric arc furnace steelmaking has continued to decline. Now electric arc furnace steelmaking is not only used to produce alloy steel, but also used to produce ordinary carbon steel in large quantities. The proportion of output in the total steel output of major industrial countries has been rising.
Use:
The raw materials of the electric arc steelmaking furnace are mainly solid scrap steel with alloying materials, pig iron for adjusting carbon content, etc., direct reduced iron or a part of hot iron can also be used, and the choice of raw materials is wide; therefore, in addition to some ultra-low carbon Most steel types can be smelted, except for varieties of steel, or varieties that must be treated with special methods such as vacuum treatment, and special alloy materials.
